Scripting

>> Guide to the Linux read Command

>> Guide to the AWK Programming Language

>> The set Command in Linux

>> Convert Snake Case to Pascal Case in the Shell

>> Unterminated Output and How to Hide the Unterminated Line Symbol in Zsh

>> How to Search Through the Terminal Output

>> How to Strip Numeric Characters From a String in Shell

>> Getting the Exit Code of a Spawned Process in an Expect Script

>> How to Pipe Commands After xargs in a Pipeline

>> Text and Code Folding in Vi

>> How to Specify a Working Directory for a systemd Service

>> Find the Largest File in a Directory Recursively

>> Makefile Character Escaping and the Meaning of the Double Dollar Sign

>> How to Resolve a Hostname in a Bash Script

>> How to Exclude a Pattern From Glob Match in Shell

>> How to Remove All Lines That Don’t Match

>> The test Command and When to Use -eq, =, and ==

>> Bash Script to Get ASCII Values for a Character

>> How to Ignore Lines Matching a Pattern in grep and awk

>> How to Split a String on Multiple Delimiters in Shell

>> Searching and Matching Base64 Strings via grep and Perl Regular Expressions

>> Guide to the getline Function in AWK

>> How to Suppress Specific shellcheck Messages?

>> Running a Script When a Session Is Locked or Unlocked

>> Comparing Strings Using the diff Command

>> How to Copy Latest File From One Directory to Another

>> How to Read Lines of a File Into an Array

>> How to Get the Current Date in awk

>> How to Check if a String Contains an Uppercase Letter in Bash

>> Command Line Calculators

>> How to Convert Files and Strings to Lowercase or Uppercase

>> Creating a Binary From a Python File

>> Finding Lines With Exactly One Instance of a Specific Character in a File

>> How to Extract a Complete URL From a String in Shell

>> Using Multiple Delimiters in Awk

>> Renaming Files Based on File Attributes

>> How to Execute a Bash Command in a Python Script

>> How to Show Git Branch With Colors in Bash

>> Get and Manipulate Subnet Mask in Bash

>> How to Count the Number of Vowels in a String

>> How to Split a String Into an Array in Bash

>> Difference Between date, echo date, echo “`date`”, and echo ‘`date`’

>> What’s the Difference Between $* and $@ in Bash?

>> How to Increment a Number in a Matched Pattern

>> Assigning the Current Git Branch Name to a Variable in a Shell Script

>> How to Display Date and Time While Pinging in Linux

>> Filter Log File Entries Based on Date Range

>> Printing Values in One Line Using the jq Command

>> Calling MATLAB Functions From the Command Line in Linux

>> Shell Script That Outputs an Excel File

>> How to Loop Over Each Character in a Bash String

>> Differences Between eval and exec Commands

>> How to Sort Bash Arrays

>> Converting UTF-8 to ASCII

>> Is It Possible to Undo a Command in Shell?

>> Why Are There Multiple Shell Prompts?

>> How to Capture Stdout Line by Line in Bash

>> Crop PDF Files in Linux CLI

>> Examples of the Modulo Operator in Bash

>> How to Write a Script to Install Multiple Applications

>> Defining a Hash Table in Bash

>> How to Export Variables From a File

>> Nested case Statements and ;; Semicolon Terminators in Bash

>> How to Extract the First Word of a String in Bash

>> Check if a Number Is a Prime in Bash

>> How to Use grep on a Bash Variable

>> Convert Multiple Image Files to PDF From the Command Line

>> Generation of Random Integers in a Range in Bash

>> Convert Timespan in Seconds to Formatted Time in the Shell

>> Wrap Quotes Around Each Line in a File or Variable

>> How to Assign Default Value to a Variable Using Bash

>> How to Run Variable Content as a Command in Bash

>> How to Walk Through a Directory Structure in a Shell Script

>> Generating a List of Dates in a Range in Bash

>> What’s the Effect of Editing a Shell Script While It’s Running?

>> How to Extract the Last n Characters of a String in Bash

>> Reading a Single Character in Shell Script

>> Environment Constraints and Maximum Variable Size

>> How to Check Whether a File Is Compressed in Linux

>> How to Call Python From a Bash Script

>> How to Echo the Variable Name Instead of Variable Value

>> Launching a Shell Script by Double-Clicking

>> Send Mail With curl

>> Reading QR Codes in Linux

>> How to Convert a String to Hexadecimal on the Command Line in Linux

>> How to Compare Time in Shell

>> How to Remove Files From a TAR Archive

>> How to Use OR Patterns in Shell Wildcards

>> How to Verify the Length of a Variable in Bash

>> Checking the Validity of an IP Address in Linux

>> How to View the Contents of tar.gz Without Extracting It

>> Alternatives to the sed Command in Linux

>> Set Environment Variables From File of Key/Value Pairs in Linux

>> Ways to Accurately Count Files With ls and wc

>> Logging Bash Scripts

>> Different Ways to Efficiently Sort Large Files

>> How to Use Bash Script to Insert Values in MySQL DB

>> When Is Double Quoting Necessary in Bash?

>> Conversion of the Output of ls Command to a JSON Array

>> How to List Available Shells on a Linux Machine

>> How to Store Standard Error Messages in a Linux Variable

>> How to Replace Text After a Specific Word Using sed

>> Bash One-Liners to Remove Characters From a Variable

>> The $TERM Environment Variable

>> How to Use Shell Variables as a Pattern in AWK

>> Transform a JSON String Into a Table Using jq

>> How to grep Lines Containing N Digits or Numbers

>> How Relational Operators Work in Case Statements in Bash

>> How to Toggle Comments in a File From the CLI

>> Changing Command-Line Arguments in Bash

>> Passing an Array as an Argument to a Function in a Bash Script

>> Automatic Docker Login in a Bash Script

>> How to Split a Parameter by a Character Using awk

>> How to Print a Given Number in Reverse Order

>> How to Count the Number of Matching Patterns Using awk

>> How to Open Multiple Terminals and Run Different Commands in the GUI

>> Passing a Function as a Parameter in Bash

>> How to Repeat Each Line in a File Multiple Times in the Command Line

>> Sending an SNMP Trap From the Command Line in Linux

>> Insert Newline in Shell Command

>> How to Add a Number to a Filename While Creating It

>> Avoiding the “same file” and Other Warnings While Copying a File Found With find

>> Returning a Regular Expression (Regex) Match in the Shell

>> Close File Descriptors in Bash

>> Zero NULL Character and Typing or Inserting NULL in the Terminal

>> How to Cut a Field From Text Line Counting From the End

>> How to Assign the Output of a Command Like tee to a Variable

>> Python Buffering and tee

>> Handling Signals in Bash Script

>> Use and Representation of End-Of-File

>> Meta Keys and Key Processing Priority in the Shell and Terminal

>> How to Send Large Files Using cURL

>> The Backslash and Removing Backslashes From a Text File or String

>> How to Output Comma-Separated Strings Using Bash Brace Expansion

>> The Ease of Manual UNIX Timestamp Arithmetic in the Shell

>> Adding Field to a JSON Object

>> How to Pass Arguments to a Shell Script Fetched by cURL

>> Differences Between Bash Loop Counters and Sequence Iteration

>> How to Match a String with a Fixed Numbers of Characters in Linux

>> Usage of Compgen Command in Bash

>> How to Properly Format the Source of a Shell Script

>> Matching Uppercase and Lowercase Letters With Regex in Shell

>> How to Setup a Development Environment for Shell Scripting in Linux

>> How to Operate on Files Listed in a File

>> How to Print an RFC-3339 Format Date

>> Copying Hidden Files Recursively

>> Print a Range of Numbers from the Linux Command Line

>> Use of BEGIN and END Rules in Awk

>> How to Replace a Character in a Matched Line In-Place

>> How to Obfuscate a Bash Script to Make It Unreadable

>> The Shell Prompt and How to Correct for Missing Newlines

>> How to Pass Arguments From a File to a Bash Script

>> How to Use grep in an if-else Statement in Bash

>> How to Remove Lines That Contain Fewer Than n Characters

>> Guide to Multiplying Columns Using awk

>> The Default Sorting Order of the find Command

>> Solving the Error “sh: 0: getcwd() failed: No such file or directory”

>> How to Automatically Switch to the Git Directory After Cloning

>> How to Append a String Variable to Itself in Bash

>> Copying Files With Different Specific Extensions Using the find Command

>> How to Delete Text Before a Delimiter From the Command Line

>> Waiting for the Network Being Up in a Bash Script

>> How to Embed a Shell Command Into a sed Expression

>> Check if a Bash Array Contains a Value

>> What’s the Difference Between Bash’s set and export?

>> sed Print to Standard Output When Editing In-place

>> How to Use the Ternary Conditional Operator in Bash

>> Checking the Signals a Process Is Listening To

>> CMake for Cross-Platform Compilation

>> How to Remove an Element From an Array Completely in Bash

>> Remove All Comments From a Bash Script in the Shell

>> HTML Parsing for Extracting Text Between HTML Tags in the Shell

>> Showing the Definition of a Function in Bash

>> Guide to Converting Timestamps in a Column to a Date

>> How to Convert a Date Format to Another Format

>> Zero Padding in the Shell

>> How to Convert Binary to Hex and Decimal in the Shell

>> How to Execute a Shell Script When a USB Device Is Plugged

>> What’s the Meaning of $! in Bash Scripting

>> The Linux hash Command

>> Extract Text Between Two Specific Characters in the Command Line

>> How to Run a Command in the Background With a Delay

>> Store Paths and Change Directory With a Variable in the Shell

>> How to Convert a Shell Script Into a Binary Executable

>> How to Split Only on a Newline in Shell

>> Matching Multiple Conditions in One case Statement in Shell

>> Storing the Output of watch to a File

>> How to Check Whether Date Argument Is in the yyyy-mm-dd Format

>> Avoiding the nohup Command’s Input/Output Message

>> Hiding the Output of expect

>> Command Line Charting and Plotting Tools

>> Pinging Multiple IP Addresses or Hosts With One Command

>> Guide to Passing Bash Variables to jq

>> How to Make Tab Auto-Completion Case-Insensitive in Bash

>> Formatting Text in Linux Terminals

>> Print the Count of Lines Together With a Command’s Output

>> How to Run the time Command on Multiple Commands

>> Using $RANDOM to Generate a Random String

>> Getting Speech Output From Entered Text From the Command Line

>> Difference Between Executing Multiple Commands with && and ;

>> How to Prepend a Timestamp to the Output of a Command in Linux

>> How to Use a Regex Inside an if Clause in Bash

>> How to Use Shell Variables in an AWK Script

>> The Pipe Buffer Capacity in Linux

>> Extracting Frames From a Video Using FFmpeg

>> How to Create a Shortcut to Execute a Shell Script in Bash

>> How to Extract “n” Characters Before and After a Match in Shell

>> How to Do Nothing for an Indefinite Amount of Time in Shell

>> Read a WebSocket Response in Linux Shell

>> Mouse Events and Input Event Interface in Linux

>> Fine-Tuning and Parameterization of FFmpeg Render Process

>> Guide to Passing Parameters to an Awk Script

>> How to Extract the Base Filename From a URL in Shell

>> How to Trim Whitespace From a Bash Variable

>> Checking Weather from the Command Line

>> How to Call One Shell Script From Another

>> Reversing the List of Words in a Bash String

>> What’s the Difference Between bash script.sh and ./script.sh

>> How to Compile Code from Vim

>> Convert Text to PDF From the Command Line

>> The wait Command in Linux

>> How to Read Log Files Between Two Dates

>> How to Store Standard Error in a Linux Variable

>> IP Address Geolocation Lookups on Linux With GeoLite2

>> Iterate Over a Range of Numbers Defined by Variables in Bash

>> Iterating in Reverse Using for Loops and Other Constructs

>> Cleartext Passwords in the Shell and How to Handle Special Characters

>> Printing awk Output in the Same Line

>> “Illegal option -o pipefail” While Using the set Command

>> Using nohup With a for Loop

>> Encrypted Remote Backups via rsync

>> Print Decimal as ASCII Using the Shell

>> How to Filter strace’s Output Using grep

>> How to Check the Existence of Input Argument in a Bash Script

>> Parsing, Validating, and Printing JSON in Shell Scripts

>> Shell Auto Completion in Linux

>> How to Iterate Over a List of Strings in a Shell Script

>> Line Endings and Resolving the configure: /bin/sh: bad interpreter Error

>> Filter Processes by Process Names With top

>> Replacing Specific Line With a String Variable in Shell

>> Executing Multiple Commands in Find -exec

>> Augmenting the Default Search Path for Python

>> How to Process a Bash Variable With sed

>> Path of Bash Script From Symbolic Link

>> Different Types of Shebang in Linux

>> In What Order Do Piped Commands Run?

>> Idling and Dummy Executable Files That Do Nothing in Linux

>> Convert INI File Into a Bash Array

>> Generating Keys Without a Passphrase with OpenSSH, PuTTY, and OpenSSL

>> Decoding Encoded URLs in Linux

>> How to Use which on an Aliased Command

>> How to Run a Cron Job Periodically Between a Time Range

>> How to Use the Batch Mode of rsync

>> Using Colors With the watch Command

>> How to Retry a Failed Command in Shell

>> What Is the SSH known_hosts File and How to Temporarily Ignore It

>> Implementing a Command Line Progress Bar

>> Docker Compose: Wait for Container X Before Starting Y

>> PC Speaker Beep in Linux

>> Edit /etc/sudoers From a Script

>> How to Make Output Overwrite the Same Line in a Terminal

>> Check Whether a MySQL Database Exists Using Shell

>> Printing ASCII Art in the Shell

>> Run Cron Job Manually With Proper Environment

>> Execute Shell Commands and Silence Them in Vim

>> Indenting and Turning Off Auto Indent When Pasting Text Into Vi

>> Script to Automatically Test if a Website Is Available

>> How to Create a Random Human-Readable Text File in Linux

>> Compare Variables With Numbers in Bash

>> One Line if-else Condition in Linux Shell Scripting

>> Execute a Linux Command Without Keeping It in History

>> Run Multiple Commands in Docker CMD Directive

>> Creating UUIDs in Bash

>> Determine Whether a Shell Variable Is Empty

>> Interactive, Non-interactive, Login, Non-login Shells in Linux

>> Run a Shell Script Without Using “sh” or “bash” Commands

>> Recall the Previous Command or Its Arguments in Bash

>> Converting Strings to Numbers in the Linux Command Line Interface

>> Differences Between Single and Double Brackets in Bash

>> Setting Environment Variables for systemd Services

>> When to Avoid Using && in Shell Scripts

>> Bash Bitwise Operators

>> Waiting for a File in a Shell Script

>> Execute a Command Whenever File or Directory Changes

>> Why Looping Over find’s Output Is a Bad Practice

>> Check if Command Executed Successfully in Linux

>> How to Run Multiple Bash Scripts in a Terminal Window

>> Running a Script That’s Not Executable

>> Creating a Simple Select Menu in the Shell Script

>> Running a Command That Is Shadowed by an Alias

>> Checking Whether a Directory Exists in a Shell Script

>> Concatenate String Variables in Bash

>> Differences Between the return and exit Commands

>> Difference Between Sourcing and Executing a Shell Script

>> Why Is Using a Shell Loop to Process Text a Bad Practice?

>> Script That Counts Files Then Removes the Oldest Ones

>> Retrieve Video Information on the Command Line in Linux

>> Compare Strings in Dot-Separated Version Format

>> List All Available Commands and Aliases in Linux

>> Split a List by Comma in Bash

>> Linux Shells Performance: dash vs bash

>> Safe Use of eval in Bash

>> Redirecting the Output of the time Command

>> Raise an Error in Bash Script

>> Handling Special Characters in Shell Scripts

>> rsync and Hidden Files

>> Hiding User Input in a Bash Terminal

>> Guide to Getting DST-Safe Relative Dates

>> The Difference Between #!/usr/bin/bash and #!/usr/bin/env bash

>> Reading/Parsing Properties File in a Linux Script

>> When to Wrap Quotes Around Arguments in a Shell Command

>> Suppress Echo of Command Invocation in a Makefile

>> How to Safely Exit from Bash Scripts

>> Print Statistics of Numbers on the Linux Terminal

>> Automating Telnet Sessions Using expect

>> Bash: let Statement vs. Assignment

>> The Conditional Variable Assignment Operator in a Makefile

>> Inserting a Newline in a Variable in Bash

>> Fixing the “/bin/sh: pushd: Not Found” Error in Linux

>> Iterating Over Each Line of ls -l Output

>> Substitute Shell Variables in a Text File

>> Division with Variables in a Linux Shell

>> Automatically Capture Output of the Last Command Into a Variable Using Bash

>> What Is a Sysroot?

>> Downloading Content Using wget Without Following Redirects

>> Using the passwd Command from Within a Shell Script

>> Checking if a Variable Is a Number in Bash

>> The /bin/true and /bin/false Commands in Linux

>> Kill a Child Process After a Given Timeout in Bash

>> Run a Script With a Different Working Directory

>> How to Write Stdout to a File with Colors

>> Flow Control in Bash Without Goto

>> Round a Divided Number in Bash

>> Use the Lines of a File as Arguments of a Linux Command

>> Set Environment Variables for a Bash Command

>> Find the Script’s Filename Within the Same Script in Bash

>> Configure a Systemd Service to Restart Periodically

>> How to Write Bash Variable Contents to a File

>> Using grep on a Continuous Stream

>> Read Values Into a Shell Variable From a Pipe

>> Linux Command-Line Tools to Take Website Screenshots

>> Replacing Whitespaces With Tabs in a File in Linux

>> Return Value of Substitutions With sed and awk

>> Merging Images in the Linux Terminal

>> Use of Dash “-” in Command-Line Parameters

>> xargs With Multiple Arguments

>> Include Files in a Bash Shell Script With source Command

>> Restrict Commands for SSH Users

>> Solving The “Cannot Open Shared Object File: No Such File Or Directory” Error In Linux

>> Start Script After Another Finishes in Linux

>> Run Bash Script as a Daemon

>> POSIX Shell Array/List Data Structure

>> Convert Hex to ASCII Characters in the Linux Shell

>> Expand a Relative Path in Bash

>> How to Run Bash Commands From a Text File

>> Get Bash Script Location From Within the Script

>> How to Remove Non UTF-8 Characters From a File

>> Pipe Output to Bash Function

>> Parse Command Line Arguments in Bash

>> Running a Shell Script on a Remote Machine Through SSH

>> Escaping Characters in Bash

>> Debugging Programs Using the GDB Command

>> Testing Bash Scripts With Bats

>> Segmentation Fault in Linux

>> Get Unique Values from an Array in Bash

>> Checking if a Linux Environment Variable Is Set or Not

>> Looping Through the Content of a File in Bash

>> Show Line Number When Executing a Bash Script

>> Using the Exclamation Mark (!) in Bash

>> Using 2D Arrays in Bash Under Linux

>> Removing the Last Character of a File

>> Check if a Variable Exists in a List in Bash

>> Escape a Single Quote in Single Quote String in Bash

>> How to Create an Alias in Linux

>> List Environment Variables in Linux

>> Simulating the Enter Keypress in Bash Scripts

>> Bash – Using History Efficiently

>> Filtering Only the Standard Error in Linux

>> Using printf and echo in Linux

>> How to Create a CPU Spike in Bash

>> Get the Path of a Linux Command

>> Restart a NoSQL Database Like MongoDB

>> Check the Syntax of a Bash Script Without Running It

>> Identify User in a Bash Script Called by sudo

>> Delete an Exported Environment Variable in Shell

>> Create Bash Alias That Accepts Parameters

>> Extracting a Substring in Bash

>> Clear a Terminal Screen in Linux

>> How to Add Up a Column of Numbers in Bash

>> Solving the “Unary Operator Expected” Error

>> Standard Exit Status Codes in Linux

>> Concatenate Two Strings to Build a Complete Path in Linux

>> Get Exit Code of a Background Process

>> Kill a Process Running on a Specific Port in Linux

>> Aborting a Shell Script if Any Command Fails

>> Display Specific Columns From a File in Linux

>> Difference between ${} and $() in Bash

>> Preserve Linebreaks When Storing Command Output to a Variable

>> Bash Script to Calculate Time Elapsed

>> Iterate Over a List of Files With Spaces in Their Names in Linux

>> File Editing: Appending a Non-Existent Line to a File

>> How to Insert a New Line Character in Linux Shell Script Output

>> Linux Bash: Multiple Variable Assignment

>> Showing a GUI Notification From a Shell Script in Linux

>> Storing a Command in a Variable in a Shell Script

>> Run a Script on Startup in Linux

>> Negate an if Condition in a Bash Script

>> When to Use an Alias vs Script vs a New Function in Bash

>> Using sed With a Literal String Instead of an Input File

>> Difference Between .bashrc, .bash-profile, and .profile

>> How to Create a crontab Through a Script

>> Pass the Output of a Command as an Argument for Another

>> Ensure Only One Instance of a Bash Script Is Running

>> The Meaning of IFS in Bash Scripting

>> Check if a String Contains a Substring in Linux

>> Running Script or Command as Another User in Linux

>> Running Multi-Line Shell Code at Once From Single Prompt

>> Guide to Generate Random Numbers in Linux

>> Debugging a Bash Script

>> Get the Contents of a Web Page in a Shell Variable

>> How to Parse a CSV File in Bash

>> What is a .pid File?

>> How To Write a Bash Script That Answers Interactive Prompts

>> How To Script “Yes” When Installing Programs

>> The Uses of the Exec Command in Shell Script

>> Splitting a File at Given Line Numbers

>> How to Delete Multiple Files at Once in Bash

>> Difference Between grep, sed, and awk

>> Run a Function in a Script from the Command Line

>> Here Document and Here String

>> Running Multiple Commands in the Background

>> How to Use the Paste Command

>> Implement a Counter in Bash Script

>> Writing Text to File Using Linux Cat Command

>> Conditional Expressions in Shell Script

>> Save Modifications In-Place with awk

>> Repeat a Linux Command at a Given Interval

>> Defining a Bash Variable With or Without ‘export’

>> What Does a Double-Dash in Shell Commands Mean?

>> Command Substitution

>> Commands to Get the Min, Max, Median, and Mean of a Dataset

>> Execute Bash Script Directly From a URL

>> Send stdout to Multiple Commands

>> When to Use xargs

>> How to Evaluate Arithmetic Expressions in Bash

>> Linux comm Command

>> The Linux join Command

>> Using sed to Replace a Multi-Line String

>> Reading Output of a Command Into an Array in Bash

>> Bash Special Variables

>> Directory Navigation Using the pushd and popd Commands

>> How to Call an External Program Using awk

>> Read Random Line From a File in Linux

>> Linux source Command

>> Introduction to Bash Array

>> How to Reverse the Order of Lines in a File in Linux

>> String Manipulation in Bash

>> Linux ping Command

>> Introduction to the tee Command

>> Remove the First Characters of a Line

>> Linux man Command

>> How to Use the cd Command in Bash Scripts

>> How to Join Multiple Lines Into One

>> Linux Scripting Series

>> How to Change Terminal Output Color in Linux?

>> Is There a Way to ‘uniq’ by Column?

>> Using Shebang #! in Linux Scripts

>> Guide to the sed Stream Editor

>> “Cut” Command in Linux

>> date Command in Linux

>> Linux watch Command

>> The echo Command in Linux

>> Execute a Command in Multiple Directories on Linux

>> Working with the AWS CLI for EC2

>> Cron Job Testing and Debugging in Linux

>> Bash Functions in Linux

>> How to Use Command Line Arguments in a Bash Script

>> How to Pass Command Line Arguments to Bash Script

>> Pipes and Redirection in Linux

>> Guide to Stream Redirections in Linux

>> Creating Symbolic and Hard Links with Linux Commands

>> Linux Commands – Looping Through Directories

>> Linux Commands – Repeat a Command n Times

>> Silencing the Output of a Bash Command