Mocking is an essential part of unit testing, and the Mockito library makes it easy to write clean and intuitive unit tests for your Java code.
Get started with mocking and improve your application tests using our Mockito guide:
Handling concurrency in an application can be a tricky process with many potential pitfalls. A solid grasp of the fundamentals will go a long way to help minimize these issues.
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Spring 5 added support for reactive programming with the Spring WebFlux module, which has been improved upon ever since. Get started with the Reactor project basics and reactive programming in Spring Boot:
Since its introduction in Java 8, the Stream API has become a staple of Java development. The basic operations like iterating, filtering, mapping sequences of elements are deceptively simple to use.
But these can also be overused and fall into some common pitfalls.
To get a better understanding on how Streams work and how to combine them with other language features, check out our guide to Java Streams:
Explore Spring Boot 3 and Spring 6 in-depth through building a full REST API with the framework:
Yes, Spring Security can be complex, from the more advanced functionality within the Core to the deep OAuth support in the framework.
I built the security material as two full courses - Core and OAuth, to get practical with these more complex scenarios. We explore when and how to use each feature and code through it on the backing project.
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Spring Data JPA is a great way to handle the complexity of JPA with the powerful simplicity of Spring Boot.
Get started with Spring Data JPA through the guided reference course:
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1. Overview
Java is a programming language owned by Oracle that was originally developed in 1995 by Sun Microsystems. In enterprises, web development, and the development of highly scalable solutions, Java is still the preferred development language.
Oracle contributes two flavors of Java: Oracle JDK and OpenJDK. Oracle JDK is a commercial product, while OpenJDK is an open-source alternative.
In this short tutorial, we’ll discuss ways of installing Java on macOS. For our example, we’ll install Oracle JDK via DMG package and OpenJDK via Homebrew package manager.
2. Manual Installation via DMG Package
The first way is installing Java with a DMG package (a disk image file). A DMG package acts as a virtual optical disc containing compressed software installation files and other data like bootable images.
Installing Java via a DMG package involves a few manual steps: opening the .dmg package and following the on-screen instructions to complete the installation process.
First, go to Oracle’s official site and download the dmg package. By default, the page lands on the Linux download tab, so we need to select the macOS tab and choose the correct dmg installer.
There are two types of dmg installers available: one for ARM chips for the latest Mac machines like M1 and M2, and one for older “x64” Macs with Intel chips.
For our example, we’ll install the x64 installer, although the steps are otherwise the same using the ARM installer:
Once the download completes, let’s double-click the DMG file to launch the installer:
Furthermore, once the introduction tab opens, click Continue:
Click Continue on the destination select:
Now, click Install to start the installation process:
It will take a few minutes, so let it run:
Now, once installation is complete, the Summary tab will be open. Click on the Close button:
We’ve successfully installed Java on our Mac via the DMG package.
Finally, we need to run the below command to check the installed Java version:
% java -version
java version "17.0.10" 2024-01-16 LTS
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 17.0.10+11-LTS-240)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0.10+11-LTS-240, mixed mode, sharing)On macOS, the default location for the java is /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk<version>.jdk/Contents/Home/, where <version> is the version number of the JDK we’ve installed.
Also, we can check the list of JDK versions installed, along with their corresponding version numbers and installation paths:
% /usr/libexec/java_home -V
Matching Java Virtual Machines (3):
17.0.10 (x86_64) "Oracle Corporation" - "Java SE 17.0.10" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-17.jdk/Contents/Home
11.0.12 (x86_64) "Oracle Corporation" - "Java SE 11.0.12" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-11.0.12.jdk/Contents/Home
1.8.0_401 (x86_64) "Oracle Corporation" - "Java SE 8" /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-1.8.jdk/Contents/Home
/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-17.jdk/Contents/Home3. Using Homebrew Package Manager
Another way to install Java is via the command line. To accomplish this, we can use Homebrew, a popular package manager for macOS.
Let’s see the steps for installing OpenJDK using Homebrew.
Before we start, first, let’s make sure Homebrew is installed and up-to-date:
% brew updateLet’s search the Homebrew formulae for OpenJDK:
% brew search openjdk
==> Formulae
openjdk ✔ openjdk@11 openjdk@17 ✔ openjdk@8 openj9 openjph openvdb
==> Casks
adoptopenjdkWe can see the details of these formulae for OpenJDK (the latest version) or any specific version like openjdk@17:
% brew info openjdk
or
% brew info openjdk@17Next, we can install the latest version of Java or a specific LTS version. Let’s install the latest version:
% brew install openjdkIf want any specific version, for instance, OpenJDK 17, we need to run the following command instead:
% brew install openjdk@17The OpenJDK is installed in /usr/local/opt but not linked into places like /usr/local/bin or /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/. So, we need to manually create a symbolic link:
% sudo ln -sfn /usr/local/opt/openjdk@17/libexec/openjdk.jdk /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/openjdk-17.jdkFinally, let’s see how to check the installed Java version:
% java -version4. Conclusion
In this article, we explored different ways to install Java on our macOS machine. We can choose either installation via DMG or package managers like Homebrew. Also, once Java is installed, we can run a Hello World Java program and explore the Java language.
